Influence of pH value on structural, optical and photoresponse properties of SnS films grown via chemical bath deposition
For the first time, the influence of fine variation of pH value of the chemical bath (6.5, 7.0 and 7.5) on structure, morphology, optical and photoresponse of SnS films was investigated. X-ray analysis revealed that the structure undergoes orthorhombic-to-cubic phase transformation at pH 7.0. Furthermore, a significant reduction in dark [...]
Artificial Neural Network Model to relate Organization Characteristics and Construction Project Delivery Methods
This study aims to relate organizational characteristics on preferences for project delivery methods (PDMs) in construction industry of Pakistan. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based model is developed for predicting proportion of projects done by different types of organizations under various PDMs. It is found that ANN model give satisfactory accuracy [...]
Oil revenue and state budget dynamic relationship: Evidence from Bahrain
The main purpose of the study is to investigate the short run and long run relationship between government revenues and government expenditures in Bahrain over the period from 1990 to 2017. Using annual data and time series analysis, the study indicated that the above two variables, government revenues and government [...]
Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Networks: Enhanced Time Allocation for Interference Mitigation
Responding to the unprecedented challenges imposed by the 5G technologies, mobile operators have given significant attention to Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Networks (H-CRAN) due to their beneficial features of performing optimization, cost effectiveness, and improving spectral and energy efficiency performance. H-CRAN inherits the attractive benefits of Heterogeneous Networks (HetNet) and [...]
A new aluminum pot line rectiformer scheme with effective harmonic suppression capability
The conversion from alternating current to direct current creates harmonics and causes power quality issues especially when large amount of power being converted. To mitigate these issues, conventional schemes for pot line Rectiformers are integrated with passive harmonic filters (PHF), which are either connected directly to the feeding grid or [...]
Comparison between performance of man-made and naturally cleaned PV panels in a middle of a desert
Two sets, each contains eight PV panels, were selected from this PV array. The first set consists of the first panel in each row of the PV array panel and the other set consists of the last panel in each row. The first set was man-made cleaned only once (on [...]
Framework for route optimization of solid waste collection
Collecting, transport, disposal, and managing Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) within urban context is a challenge worldwide. It directly impacts; environmental, health and economic aspects of modern and smart urban cities. MSW transport is the most expensive item in MSW management and in some cases might take up most of the [...]
A general methodology made cleaned PV energy panels for Bahrain and UK
The GCC countries has a good location for the solar energy with high intensity of the solar radiation. This means that renewable energy provides many benefits for our climate, health and our economy. Photovoltaic PV becomes the new competitive energy resources of the planet and it can be engaged in [...]
First smart 8.64 kW BIPV in a building in Awali Town at Kingdom of Bahrain
The performance of 18 months of 86.4 kW smart PV solar panels integrated in a building in Sadeem Building at Awali Town (middle of a desert area) in the kingdom of Bahrain is reported herein. The PV system covers an area of 59 m2 (36 PV panels) and was installed [...]
Bahrain intelligent street lighting-A study to retrofit Bahrain street lighting
Currently most of the street lighting systems in Bahrain use non-dimmable High-Pressure Sodium lamps (HPS) along with an on/off control system. This system is not cost-effective, may lead to unnecessary energy use in some regions, and lowers the life spans of lamps. Considering the above problems, it has become increasingly [...]