Polyphenol uses in biomaterials engineering

Authors: Shavandi A., Bekhit A.E.-D.A., Saeedi P., Izadifar Z., Bekhit A.A., Khademhosseini A.

Author Affiliations: Shavandi, A., Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Bekhit, A.E.-D.A., Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Saeedi, P., Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Izadifar, Z., The Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Bekhit, A.A., Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt, Pharmacy Program, Allied Health Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain; Khademhosseini, A., Department of Bioengineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States

Publication Date: 2018

Polyphenols are micronutrients obtained from diet that have been suggested to play an important role in health. The health benefits of polyphenols and their protective effects in food systems as antioxidant compounds are well known and have been extensively investigated. However, their functional roles as a “processing cofactor” in tissue engineering applications are less widely known. This review focuses on the functionality of polyphenols and their application in biomaterials. Polyphenols have been used to stabilize collagen and to improve its resistance to degradation in biological systems. Therefore, they have been proposed to improve the performance of biomedical devices used in cardiovascular systems by improving the mechanical properties of grafted heart valves, enhancing microcirculation through the relaxation of the arterial walls and improving the capillary blood flow and pressure resistance. Polyphenols have been found to stimulate bone formation, mineralization, as well as the proliferation, differentiation, and the survival of osteoblasts. These effects are brought about by the stimulatory effect of polyphenols on osteoblast cells and their protective effect against oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. In addition, polyphenols inhibit the differentiation of the osteoclast cells. Collectively, these actions lead to promote bone formation and to reduce bone resorption, respectively. Moreover, polyphenols can increase the cross-linking of dentine and hence its mechanical stability. Overall, polyphenols provide interesting properties that will stimulate further research in the bioengineering field. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd

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Eshan2020-11-28T18:20:43+00:00

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Polyphenol uses in biomaterials engineering

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