Authors: El-Seedi H.R., El-Shabasy R.M., Khalifa S.A.M., Saeed A., Shah A., Shah R., Iftikhar F.J., Abdel-Daim M.M., Omri A., Hajrahand N.H., Sabir J.S.M., Zou X., Halabi M.F., Sarhan W., Guo W.
Author Affiliations: El-Seedi, H.R., Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Box 574, Uppsala, SE-751 23, Sweden, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China, Al-Rayan Research and Innovation Center, Al-Rayan Colleges, Medina, 42541, Saudi Arabia, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Egypt; El-Shabasy, R.M., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Egypt, Ecological Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; Khalifa, S.A.M., Clinical Research Centre, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE 106 91, Sweden; Saeed, A., Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan; Shah, A., Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, 32038, Bahrain; Shah, R., H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan; Iftikhar, F.J., Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan; Abdel-Daim, M.M., Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt; Omri, A., Center of Excellence in Bionoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia, Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Hajrahand, N.H., Center of Excellence in Bionoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia, Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Sabir, J.S.M., Center of Excellence in Bionoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia, Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Zou, X., College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; Halabi, M.F., Al-Rayan Research and Innovation Center, Al-Rayan Colleges, Medina, 42541, Saudi Arabia; Sarhan, W., Zewail City for Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt; Guo, W., Translational Medicine Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
Publication Date: 2019
Nanoparticles (NPs) are new inspiring clinical targets that have emerged from persistent efforts with unique properties and diverse applications. However, the main methods currently utilized in their production are not environmentally friendly. With the aim of promoting a green approach for the synthesis of NPs, this review describes eco-friendly methods for the preparation of biogenic NPs and the known mechanisms for their biosynthesis. Natural plant extracts contain many different secondary metabolites and biomolecules, including flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds and enzymes. Secondary metabolites can enable the reduction of metal ions to NPs in eco-friendly one-step synthetic processes. Moreover, the green synthesis of NPs using plant extracts often obviates the need for stabilizing and capping agents and yields biologically active shape- and size-dependent products. Herein, we review the formation of metallic NPs induced by natural extracts and list the plant extracts used in the synthesis of NPs. In addition, the use of bacterial and fungal extracts in the synthesis of NPs is highlighted, and the parameters that influence the rate of particle production, size, and morphology are discussed. Finally, the importance and uniqueness of NP-based products are illustrated, and their commercial applications in various fields are briefly featured. © 2019 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Eshan2020-11-28T19:32:43+00:00
